avian influenza (bird flu)

[追加 201-12-12 09:52]
[Mod. PC氏引用]
Journal of Virology, September 2005, p. 11269-11279, Vol. 79, No. 17
Received 21 February 2005/ Accepted 7 June 2005
URL http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/short/79/17/11269
Are Ducks Contributing to the Endemicity of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus in Asia?
K. M. Sturm-Ramirez, et al.

juvenile mallard マガモの幼鳥に感染させたインフルエンザ H5N1ウイルスの主なウイルス複製の組織・部位は気管であり、消化管でない。
感染ウイルス株の病原性・毒性の程度は 全くの非病原性から高度の致死率まで様々で、気管のウイルス力価に正の相関をした。

… we inoculated juvenile mallards with 23 different H5N1 influenza viruses isolated in Asia between 2003 and 2004. All virus isolates replicated efficiently in inoculated ducks, and 22 were transmitted to susceptible contacts. Viruses replicated to higher levels in the trachea than in the cloaca of both inoculated and contact birds, suggesting that the digestive tract is not the main site of H5N1 influenza virus replication in ducks and that the fecal-oral route may no longer be the main transmission path. The virus isolates’ pathogenicities varied from completely nonpathogenic to highly lethal and were positively correlated with tracheal virus titers. Nevertheless, the eight virus isolates that were nonpathogenic in ducks replicated and transmitted efficiently to naïve contacts, suggesting that highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses causing minimal signs of disease in ducks can propagate silently and efficiently among domestic and wild ducks in Asia and that they represent a serious threat to human and veterinary public health.

下記 サーベイランスの検査施設
韓国 National Veterinary Research & Quarantine Service NVRQS 國立獣医科学檢疫院

South Korea multi-sectorial surveillance programme / a continuous avian influenza surveillance programme

The NVRQS found avian influenza antigen (H5) by PCR and confirmed it as highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus [高病原性鳥インフルエンザ H5N1 ウイルス] by gene sequencing [遺伝子配列解明技術] from one mallard duck [1羽の野生のマガモ] on 7 December 2010 [2010年12月7日]. Clinical surveillance and disinfection on the neighbouring poultry farms were enhanced.

ProMED-mail Archive Number 20101211.4410
Published Date 11-DEC-2010
Subject PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (61): South Korea (CB), H5N1, OIE
Date: 10 Dec 2010
Source: OIE WAHID (World Animal Health Information Database) Disease
Information 2010; 23(49) [edited]
URL http://www.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=single_report&pop=1&reportid=10029

Summary
Report type: Immediate notification (Final report)
Start date 29 Nov 2010
Date of 1st confirmation of the event 07 Dec 2010
Report date 09 Dec 2010
Date submitted to OIE 09 Dec 2010
Date event resolved 07 Dec 2010
Reason for notification:Reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence 15 May 2008
Manifestation of disease: Sub-clinical infection [無症状感染]
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus Serotype H5N1
Nature of diagnosis: Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country

New outbreaks
North Jeolla [Jeollabuk-do] Province 全羅北道(チョルラブク ト) Iksan 益山(イクサン)市 春浦(チュンポ)面 春浦里

Outbreak 1 Chunpo-ri, Chunpo-myun, Iksan city, Cholla-Bukdo
Date of start of the outbreak 29 Nov 2010 [発生日 2010年11月29日]
Outbreak status: Resolved (07 Dec 2010) 終息・解決
Epidemiological unit Not applicable
Affected animals
Species Wild species
[野生の] マガモ 39羽を捕獲し、NVRQS [國立獣医科学檢疫院]で検査実施。1羽 HPAI (H5N1) ウイルス陽性。

Susceptible 39
Cases 1
Deaths 0
Destroyed 0
Slaughtered 0

Affected Population Anas platyrhynchos (mallard duck [マガモ])
Control measures – Measures applied: Movement control inside the country; Zoning; Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s); Vaccination prohibited; No treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied – No other measures

[以下は初回投稿]
ProMED-mail Archive Number 20101208.4377
Published Date 08-DEC-2010
Subject PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (60): South Korea (CB) H5N1, wild bird, RFI

Date: Wed 8 Dec 2010
Source: Yonhap News Agency [edited]
URL http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/business/2010/12/08/13/0501000000AEN20101208000100315F.HTML

渡り鳥の主要な冬の生息地の1つ 韓国南西部[の下記地域]で鳥インフルエンザ発生。
North Jeolla [Jeollabuk-do] Province 全羅北道(チョルラブク ト) Iksan 益山(イクサン)市から送られた野鳥 1羽 ( Mangyeong River 萬頃江 [ Wikipedia リスト9 ]の周辺地域で発見)の血液 1検体が鳥インフルエンザウイルス陽性であった (韓国政府 Ministry of Agriculture [and Forestry] 農林部確認 [7 Dec 2010])。

There are about 219 chicken farms and 13 duck farms in the specially designated area [within a 10-km radius from the site of the outbreak], according to government figures.
“This case of bird influenza was found in a wild bird, so the virus may not have been spread to farm-raised poultry yet,” a senior ministry official said, requesting anonymity.